Fuel atomizer



' Feb. 173931. L. H. L. BELLEM ET AL FUEL ATOMI ZER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lvl iiigib Patented Feb. 17, 1931 UNITED STATES ,PA'TENT' OFFICE LOUIS HENRI LIBERT BELLEMI, OF ASNIERES, AND ERLING CHRISTIAN FOSS, F

NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE FUEL ATOMIZER Application filed December 7,1928, Serial No; 324,523, and in France October so, 1928.

The present invention relates to certain improvements in fuel atomizers used for feeding fuel to internal combustion engines and more particularly to those utilizing heavy fuel.

The atomizer, according to the present invention, is of the kind comprising a valve, said valve, when open, letting through, on the one hand, a stream of air arriving on the outside of the hollow stem of said valve, and on the other hand, a-jet of fuel which is fed through said hollow stem and which passes through openings in the valve, after the latter has moved a certain distance away from its seat, to be carried along and atomized by the stream of air.

The atomizer according to the present invention is essentially characterized by the fact that the access of the fuel to the aforementioned openings, which open on to the by a second inner tube rigidly assembled with the former tube. f

. When the atomizer is fitted to a high speed engine working at aspeedwhich is essentially variable, in which case the movement of the injection pump is synchronized with that of the engine, the spray nozzle orifice and the above mentioned second inner tube are dispensed with, the pressure set up by the injection pump acting freely on the valve so as to facilitate or even effect the opening of said valve. I The invention is furthermore concerned with various forms of construction of the 5 valve and the fixed inner tube, which modifications will be clearly understood as well as other characteristics and peculiarities of the present invention, from the following-description with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

- position.

Figs. '5, 6 and 7 are modifications of the atomizer shown in Fig. 3. The atomizer shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is more especially adapted for use with comparatively slow speed internal combustion engines operating at constant speed. It essen-.

,tially comprises a body 1 which is screwed by its thread 2 into a suitable part of the engine cylinder. The end 3 of the body-1 forms the seat of an inlet valve 4 to the cylinder, said valve being secured to a hollow stem 5, in which an inner tube 6 rigidly fixed to theplug 7 screwed into the body 1 is engaged to make a slidingfit. The valve 4: is

provided with a certain number of openings 8 through which the inside of the hollow stem of the said valve is placed in communication with the outside. The fuel arriving through the tube 9 is fed to the lower end of the tube 6 by a second inner tube 10; the said end of the tube 6 being provided with a calibrated orifice 11 which by acting as a spray nozzle permits the fuel to flow. into the recess 12 of the valve.

The, relative position of the valve seat 3, the openings 8 and the fixed inner tube 6 is such that when the valve begins to open, it is first lifted off its seat 3, so that the vacuum existing inside the cylinder causes the air, which arrives through holes such as 13 to be violently drawn towards the cylinder. The openings 8 are then uncovered by the fixed tube 6 (Fig. 2.), and it is only after this has taken place that the fuel fed into the recess 12 can pass through the openings 8 to be carried along by the stream of air previously established. -With this arrangement, all the fuel is atomized. At the initial opening of the valve there is no ineflicient or even total absence of atomization of the fuel. The.

valve is brought back to its closed position hy a spring or equivalent means 14%.

The atomizer shown in Figs. 3 and l is more especially adapted for use with high speed engines working at a speed which is essentially variable. Such engines usually operate in combination with an injection pump the movement of which is synchronized with the movement of the engine. The oridoe 11 forming a spray nozzle, can, therefore, in this case be dispensed with and conse quently also the second inner tube 10. This is clearly shown in- Fig. 3.

It will be observed, furthermore, that in this case the fuel is pumped directly into the tube 6 and that the pressure of the fuel acts on the valve l and facilitates or even controls the opening of said valve. Apart from this peculiarity, the operation of this atomizer is absolutely identical with that of the atomizer shown in Figs. '1 and 2.

The types shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are simply modifications relating more particularly to the construction ofthe inner tube 6 and to the way in which it cooperates with the valve to establish commuincation between the inside of said tube and the openings in the said valve. In the case shown in Fig. 5,

' the tube 6 is provided at its lower end with openings 15 which are opened and closed by a nipple 16 integral with the valve 4.

Inthe case shown in Fig. 6, the nipple 16 .is independent of the valve 4 and in the case shown in Fig. 7, a liner 17 is interposed between the inner wallof the valve stem and the tube 6.

It will of course be understood that the invention has only been described and illustrated. in a purely explanatory but by no means limitative manner and that it can be subjected to various modifications of detail,

without departing from the spirit thereof. 7

We claim:

1. In an atomizer, the combination of a displaceable valve comprising a head and a hollow stem portion adapted to feed fuel therethrough, a hollow body portion surrounding said valve and having an end portion shaped to form a seat for said valve head, said valve when lifted from its seat letting through a currentof air between said valve and said body portion, said valve head having passages for conducting fuel from said hollow valve stem into the path of said air current, and a hollow stationary tube located within saidvalve stem and controlling, in cooperation with said. valve head, the access said valve when lifted from its seat letting through a current of air between said valve and said body portion, said valve head having passages for conducting fuel from said hollow valve stem into the path of said air current, a hollow stationary tube located Within said valve stem and having perforations in register with the passages in said valve head, and a member moving with said said stationary tube until said valve has lifted a predetermined amount off its seat.

3. In an atomizer, the combination of a displaceable valve comprising a head and a holyalve head for covering the perforations in I low stem portion adapted to feed fuel there through, a hollow body portion surrounding said valve and having an end portion shaped to form a seat for said valve head, said valve when lifted from its seat letting through a current of air between said valve 1 has lifted a predetermined amount off its 1 seat.

LOUIS HENRI LIBERT BELLEM. Eli-LING CHRISTIAN FQSS.

of the fuel to the aforementioned passages I which open on to thevalve face.

2. In an atomizer, the combination of a displaceable valve comprising ahead and a hollow stem portion adapted to feed fuel therethrough, a hollow body portion surrounding said valve and having an end portion shaped to form a. seat for said valve head, 7 

